Ki Seitzei 21:16 · unit 6

TT #49 · Parashas Ki Seitzei · First aliya · Passuk 21:16

The Complete Passuk

וְהָיָ֗ה בְּיוֹם֙ הַנְחִיל֣וֹ אֶת־בָּנָ֔יו אֵ֥ת אֲשֶׁר־יִהְיֶ֖ה ל֑וֹ לֹ֣א יוּכַ֗ל לְבַכֵּר֙ אֶת־בֶּן־הָ֣אֲהוּבָ֔ה עַל־פְּנֵ֥י בֶן־הַשְּׂנוּאָ֖ה הַבְּכֹֽר׃

Then it shall be, on the day he causes his sons to inherit that which he has, that he may not make the son of the beloved the firstborn before the son of the hated, the firstborn.

Chabad.org — 21:16

Source Citation

Torah Temimah points to Sifrei Devarim.

Sefaria — Sifrei Devarim

Core Text of Chazal

Core Text
לֹא יוּכַל – יָכוֹל אֵינוֹ רַשַּׁאי הוּא וְאִם בִּכֵּר יְהֵא מְבֻכָּר, תַּלְמוּד לוֹמַר לֹא יוּכַל.

English: “He may not” — one might have thought he is merely not permitted, but if he did prefer the younger the preference would stand; therefore Scripture says “he may not” (the act is void even after the fact).

On the daf / in context: The language is stronger than a mere prohibition. Any attempt to designate the younger son as firstborn is simply ineffective; the true firstborn retains the double portion.

Type of Learning

Derash establishing that the forbidden preference is void ab initio.

What Is Learned

An attempt to transfer the firstborn’s double portion to a younger son is void; the true firstborn keeps the share even if the father tried to prefer another.