Ki Seitzei 21:16 · unit 5

TT #48 · Parashas Ki Seitzei · First aliya · Passuk 21:16

The Complete Passuk

וְהָיָ֗ה בְּיוֹם֙ הַנְחִיל֣וֹ אֶת־בָּנָ֔יו אֵ֥ת אֲשֶׁר־יִהְיֶ֖ה ל֑וֹ לֹ֣א יוּכַ֗ל לְבַכֵּר֙ אֶת־בֶּן־הָ֣אֲהוּבָ֔ה עַל־פְּנֵ֥י בֶן־הַשְּׂנוּאָ֖ה הַבְּכֹֽר׃

Then it shall be, on the day he causes his sons to inherit that which he has, that he may not make the son of the beloved the firstborn before the son of the hated, the firstborn.

Chabad.org — 21:16

Source Citation

Torah Temimah points to Yerushalmi Bava Basra 8:4.

Sefaria — Yerushalmi Bava Basra 8:4

Core Text of Chazal

Core Text
לֹא יוּכַל – אָמַר רַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר, מַהוּ לֹא יוּכַל? אֵינוֹ רַשַּׁאי. וְאֵימָתַי יָכוֹל הוּא? בְּמַתָּנָה.

English: “He may not” — Rabbi Elazar said: what does “he may not” mean? He is not permitted. And when is he able? By means of a gift.

On the daf / in context: A father may not simply declare that the younger son of the beloved wife is the firstborn. Such a declaration is void. He may, however, give property as an outright gift during his lifetime, which is effective.

Type of Learning

Derash distinguishing forbidden preference from a valid gift.

What Is Learned

A father may not re-label the firstborn by declaration, but he may transfer property by a valid gift.