TT #734 · Parashas Ki Seitzei · Seventh Aliyah · Passuk 25:09
Then his yevamah shall approach him in the presence of the elders, and draw his shoe off his foot, and spit in his face, and respond and say: “Thus shall be done to the man who will not build up his brother’s house.”
Torah Temimah points to Yevamot 101b.
TT lemma: וְחָלְצָה נַעֲלוֹ.
אָמַר לֵיהּ רַב כָּהֲנָא לִשְׁמוּאֵל: מִמַּאי דְּהַאי וְחָלְצָה נַעֲלוֹ מִשְּׁלָף הוּא? וְאֵימָא זְרוּזֵי הוּא? אָמַר לֵיהּ: אִם כֵּן לִכְתּוֹב וְחָלְצָה נַעֲלוֹ בְּרַגְלוֹ; מַאי מֵעַל רַגְלוֹ? שְׁמַע מִינַּהּ מִשְּׁלָף הוּא.
English: Rav Kahana said to Shmuel: From where do we know that “and she shall draw off his shoe” means removing it? Perhaps it means fastening it? He replied: If so, it should have written “and she shall draw off his shoe on his foot”; what is “from upon his foot”? Learn from this that it means removing it.
On the daf / in context: The preposition “from upon” establishes that the act is one of removal, not of putting on.
Derash from the preposition “me’al.”
Chalitzah is the act of removing the shoe from the foot, not of putting a shoe on.