TT #619 · Parashas Ki Seitzei · Seventh Aliyah · Passuk 25:02
And it shall be, if the wicked one is to be flogged, the judge shall cause him to lie down and be beaten in his presence, according to his guilt, by number.
Torah Temimah points to Makkot 22b.
TT lemma: וְהִפִּילוֹ.
English: ‘And he shall cause him to lie down’ – this teaches that he does not strike him while standing or sitting, but rather while he is inclined (bent over the post).
Derash on a verbal form (Sifrei / Bavli) — the causative ‘he shall cause him to fall/lie’ indicates the required position.
The one being flogged must be bent over a post, neither fully upright nor seated; the posture itself is part of the Torah’s prescribed procedure.