Shoftim 17:15 · unit 5

TT #88 · Parashas Shoftim · Second Aliyah · Passuk 17:15

The Complete Passuk

שׂ֣וֹם תָּשִׂ֤ים עָלֶ֙יךָ֙ מֶ֔לֶךְ אֲשֶׁ֥ר יִבְחַ֛ר יְהֹוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֶ֖יךָ בּ֑וֹ מִקֶּ֣רֶב אַחֶ֗יךָ תָּשִׂ֤ים עָלֶ֙יךָ֙ מֶ֔לֶךְ לֹ֣א תוּכַ֗ל לָתֵ֤ת עָלֶ֙יךָ֙ אִ֣ישׁ נׇכְרִ֔י אֲשֶׁ֥ר לֹֽא־אָחִ֖יךָ הֽוּא׃

You shall surely set over yourself a king whom the Eternal your God will choose; from among your brethren you shall set a king over yourself; you may not place over yourself a foreigner who is not your brother.

Chabad / Judaica Press

Source Citation

Torah Temimah points to Kiddushin 32b.

TT lemma: תָּשִׂים עָלֶיךָ מֶלֶךְ.

Sefaria — Kiddushin 32b

Core Text of Chazal

Core Text
אָמַר רַב אַשִּׁי: מֶלֶךְ שֶׁמָּחַל עַל כְּבוֹדוֹ – אֵין כְּבוֹדוֹ מָחוּל, דִּכְתִיב שׂוֹם תָּשִׂים עָלֶיךָ מֶלֶךְ – שֶׁתְּהֵא אֵימָתוֹ עָלֶיךָ.

English: Rav Ashi said: A king who forgoes his honor – his honor is not forgiven, as it is written ‘you shall surely set a king over yourself’ – so that his awe shall be upon you.

On the daf / in context: The verse is used to establish that royal dignity is not merely personal; the community’s obligation to show awe remains even if the king himself is willing to waive it.

Type of Learning

Derash on the language of appointment (Bavli) — the mitzvah creates an ongoing duty of awe that the king cannot unilaterally cancel.

What Is Learned

The king’s honor belongs to the institution, not only to the person. Even if a king is willing to forgo his own honor, the people remain obligated to treat the office with awe.