Pinchas 27:21 · unit 6 — the king may wage optional war only by a court of seventy-one

Parashas Pinchas · Passuk 27:21

The Complete Passuk

וְלִפְנֵי אֶלְעָזָר הַכֹּהֵן יַעֲמֹד וְשָׁאַל לוֹ בְּמִשְׁפַּט הָאוּרִים לִפְנֵי ה׳ עַל־פִּיו יֵצְאוּ וְעַל־פִּיו יָבֹאוּ הוּא וְכָל־בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל אִתּוֹ וְכָל־הָעֵדָה׃

And he shall stand before Elazar the Kohen, who shall inquire for him by the judgment of the Urim before Hashem; at his word they shall go out and at his word they shall come in, he and all the children of Yisrael with him, and all the congregation.

Chabad.org — 27:21

Source Citation

Torah Temimah: Yerushalmi Sanhedrin 2:5

Sefaria — Yerushalmi Sanhedrin 2:5

Core Text of Chazal

Core Text
תַּנְיָא, הַמֶּלֶךְ מוֹצִיא לְמִלְחֶמֶת הָרְשׁוּת עַל פִּי בֵּית דִּין שֶׁל שִׁבְעִים וְאֶחָד, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר עַל פִּיו יֵצְאוּ וְעַל פִּיו יָבֹאוּ.

English: It was taught: the king may take [the people] out to an optional war only by the word of a court of seventy-one, as it is said “at his word they shall go out and at his word they shall come in.”

Type of Learning

Constitutional limit on royal war.

What Is Learned

Optional war requires Sanhedrin authorization under this verse’s language.