Derasha on Bo 12:5 — Torah Temimah note 3

Parashas Bo · Shemos 12:5 · TT note 3

The Complete Passuk

שֶׂ֥ה תָמִ֛ים זָכָ֥ר בֶּן־שָׁנָ֖ה יִהְיֶ֣ה לָכֶ֑ם מִן־הַכְּבָשִׂ֥ים וּמִן־הָעִזִּ֖ים תִּקָּֽחוּ׃

Source Citation

Torah Temimah on Shemos 12:5, note 3 (on בֶּן־שָׁנָה) points to Mechilta / R’ Yishmael.

Sefaria — Exodus 12:5
Sefaria — Torah Temimah on Exodus 12:5
Sefaria — Mechilta

Core Text of Chazal

Core Text — Mechilta (via Torah Temimah)
בֶּן שָׁנָה — אֵין לִי אֶלָּא בֶּן שָׁנָה; כָּל שְׁנָתוֹ מִנַּיִן? הָיָה רַבִּי יִשְׁמָעֵאל אוֹמֵר: קַל וָחוֹמֶר — וּמַה אִם עוֹלָה חֲמוּרָה כְּשֵׁרָה לָבֹא כָּל שְׁנָתָהּ כְּבַת שְׁנָתָהּ, פֶּסַח שֶׁהוּא קַל לֹא כָּל שֶׁכֵּן.

English: “A year old” — I only have “a year old”; from where [do we learn] its entire year? Rabbi Yishmael used to say: a kal va-chomer — if an olah, which is stricter, is valid throughout its year as if it were a year old, then a Pesach, which is lighter, all the more so.

Type of Learning

Kal va-chomer from olah to Pesach: age is counted from the animal’s own birth, for its full year.

What Is Learned

A year-old Pesach is measured from its birth date through its complete year.