Vayeira 18:19 · unit 4

Parashas Vayeira · Passuk 18:19

The Complete Passuk

כִּ֣י יְדַעְתִּ֗יו לְמַ֩עַן֩ אֲשֶׁ֨ר יְצַוֶּ֜ה אֶת־בָּנָ֤יו וְאֶת־בֵּיתוֹ֙ אַחֲרָ֔יו וְשָֽׁמְרוּ֙ דֶּ֣רֶךְ יְהֹוָ֔ה לַעֲשׂ֥וֹת צְדָקָ֖ה וּמִשְׁפָּ֑ט לְמַ֗עַן הָבִ֤יא יְהֹוָה֙ עַל־אַבְרָהָ֔ם אֵ֥ת אֲשֶׁר־דִּבֶּ֖ר עָלָֽיו׃

For I have known him, in order that he may command his children and his household after him to keep the way of Hashem by doing righteousness and justice, so that Hashem may bring upon Avraham that which He has spoken concerning him.

Chabad / Judaica Press

Source Citation

Torah Temimah points to Kesubos 8b.

TT lemma: צדקה ומשפט.

Sefaria — Kesubos 8b

Core Text of Chazal

Core Text
צְדָקָה וּמִשְׁפָּט. פָּתַח הַהוּא מְתוּרְגְּמָן וְאָמַר, אַחֵינוּ גּוֹמְלֵי חֲסָדִים בְּנֵי גּוֹמְלֵי חֲסָדִים, הַמַּחֲזִיקִים בִּבְרִיתוֹ שֶׁל אַבְרָהָם אָבִינוּ, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר כִּי יְדַעְתִּיו לְמַעַן אֲשֶׁר יְצַוֶּה אֶת בָּנָיו וְאֶת בֵּיתוֹ אַחֲרָיו וְשָׁמְרוּ דֶּרֶךְ ה׳ לַעֲשׂוֹת צְדָקָה וּמִשְׁפָּט.

English: “Righteousness and justice.” A certain translator opened and said: “Our brothers, performers of kindness, sons of performers of kindness, who uphold the covenant of Avraham our father, as it is said, ‘For I have known him… to do righteousness and justice.’”

On the daf / in context: The verse is recited in a public address as the biblical foundation for the communal identity of gemilut chasadim.

Type of Learning

Derash on the verse (Bavli sugya) — not a formal named middah of the 13. The verse is used as a liturgical and rhetorical proof-text for the trait of kindness.

What Is Learned

Israel is addressed as “performers of kindness, sons of performers of kindness,” because Avraham was chosen precisely so that he would transmit the practice of tzedakah and mishpat.