Chukas 21:1 · unit 2 — Arad, Canaan, and Sichon are the same king

Parashas Chukas · Passuk 21:1

The Complete Passuk

וַיִּשְׁמַ֞ע הַכְּנַעֲנִ֤י מֶֽלֶךְ־עֲרָד֙ יֹשֵׁ֣ב הַנֶּ֔גֶב כִּ֚י בָּ֣א יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל דֶּ֖רֶךְ הָאֲתָרִ֑ים וַיִּלָּ֙חֶם֙ בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וַיִּ֥שְׁבְּ ׀ מִמֶּ֖נּוּ שֶֽׁבִי׃

And the Canaanite, the king of Arad, who dwelt in the Negev, heard that Yisrael had come by the way of the Atharim, and he fought against Yisrael and took some of them captive.

Chabad.org — 21:1

Source Citation

Torah Temimah: Rosh Hashanah 3a

Sefaria — Rosh Hashanah 3a

Core Text of Chazal

Core Text
תָּנֵי, הוּא סִיחֹן הוּא עֲרָד הוּא כְּנַעַן, עֲרָד – שֶׁדּוֹמֶה לַעֲרוֹד בַּמִּדְבָּר, כְּנַעַן עַל שֵׁם מַלְכוּתוֹ, וּמַה שְּׁמוֹ – סִיחֹן.

English: It was taught: he is Sichon, he is Arad, he is Canaan. Arad — because he resembles a wild ass in the wilderness; Canaan — after his kingdom; and what is his name? Sichon.

Type of Learning

Multiple names for one antagonist.

What Is Learned

The Canaanite king of Arad is identified with Sichon under different titles.