Derasha 1 on Vayikra 26:3

Parashas Bechukosai · Aliyah 1 · Passuk 3

The Complete Passuk

אִם־בְּחֻקֹּתַ֖י תֵּלֵ֑כוּ וְאֶת־מִצְוֺתַ֣י תִּשְׁמְר֔וּ וַעֲשִׂיתֶ֖ם אֹתָֽם׃

Chabad.org — English translation + Rashi

Source Citation

Torah Temimah cites Avodah Zarah 5a (baraisa: “אין אם אלא לשון בקשה”).

E-Daf.com — Tsurras Hadaf (size=3)
HebrewBooks / Shas PDF of the daf

Core Text of Chazal

Core Text — Avodah Zarah 5a (baraisa as cited by TT)
תָּנוּ רַבָּנָן: אִם בְּחֻקֹּתַי תֵּלֵכוּ — אֵין “אִם” אֶלָּא לְשׁוֹן בַּקָּשָׁה.
וְכֵן הוּא אוֹמֵר (תְּהִלִּים פא): “לוּ עַמִּי שׁוֹמֵעַ לִי … כִּמְעַט אוֹיְבֵיהֶם אַכְנִיעַ.”
וְאוֹמֵר (יְשַׁעְיָהוּ מח, יח): “לוּא הִקְשַׁבְתָּ לְמִצְוֺתָי וַיְהִי כַנָּהָר שְׁלוֹמֶךָ.”

English: The Rabbis taught: “If you walk in My statutes” — the word im (“if”) is nothing other than a language of request / entreaty. Likewise it says (Tehillim 81): “If only My people would listen to Me … I would soon subdue their enemies.” And it says (Yeshayahu 48:18): “If only you had heeded My commandments, your peace would have been like a river.”

Type of Learning

Linguistic / lexical derasha on the particle im. The verse is read not as a neutral conditional but as an expression of Hashem’s desire and plea that Israel walk in His statutes.

What Is Learned

The opening of the blessing section is framed as a divine request rather than a cold “if-then.” Hashem wants Israel to keep the statutes; the language of im conveys longing and invitation, parallel to the prophetic “if only” passages that express the same yearning for Israel’s obedience and the resulting blessing.