Parashas Ki Sisa · Passuk 33:6
Torah Temimah points to Shabbos 89b (verified).
Sefaria — Shabbos 89b
E-Daf — Shabbos 89b
English: And this disputes the opinion of Rabbi Abbahu, for Rabbi Abbahu said: Sinai is its name. And why was it called Mount Horeb? Because destruction [churban] descended upon the nations of the world on it.
Derash on the verse — the name “Horeb” and its meaning.
Mount Sinai is also called Horeb because destruction descended upon the nations of the world there (when they rejected the Torah).