TT #15 · Parashas Mikeitz · Passuk 42:30
דִּ֠בֶּ֠ר הָאִ֨ישׁ אֲדֹנֵ֥י הָאָ֛רֶץ אִתָּ֖נוּ קָשׁ֑וֹת וַיִּתֵּ֣ן אֹתָ֔נוּ כִּֽמְרַגְּלִ֖ים אֶת־הָאָֽרֶץ׃
“The man who is lord of the land spoke harshly to us and accused us of spying on the land.
Torah Temimah points to Makkos 11a.
דבר וגו׳ קשות. מכאן דכל מקום שנאמר דבור – לשון קשה הוא.
English: “Spoke … harshly.” From here [we learn] that wherever the Torah uses the language of dibbur, it denotes harsh speech.
On the daf / in context: The verse’s use of “dibber” together with “harshly” is the basis for the broader rule stated by Chazal.
Type of Learning: Derash on the verse (linguistic / midrashic) — not a formal named middah of the 13.
What Is Learned: The derash establishes a general distinction: dibbur is associated with harsh speech.