Vayeira 21:23 · unit 1

Parashas Vayeira · Passuk 21:23

The Complete Passuk

וְעַתָּ֗ה הִשָּׁ֨בְעָה לִּ֤י בֵֽאלֹהִים֙ הֵ֔נָּה אִם־תִּשְׁקֹ֣ר לִ֔י וּלְנִינִ֖י וּלְנֶכְדִּ֑י כַּחֶ֜סֶד אֲשֶׁר־עָשִׂ֤יתִי עִמְּךָ֙ תַּעֲשֶׂ֣ה עִמָּדִ֔י וְעִם־הָאָ֖רֶץ אֲשֶׁר־גַּ֥רְתָּה בָּֽהּ׃

And now, swear to me here by God that you will not deal falsely with me or with my son or with my grandson; according to the kindness that I have done with you, you shall do with me and with the land in which you have sojourned.

Chabad / Judaica Press

Source Citation

Torah Temimah points to Sotah 10a.

TT lemma: השבעה לי.

Sefaria — Sotah 10a

Core Text of Chazal

Core Text
הִשָּׁבְעָה לִּי. אָמַר רַבִּי חָמָא בַּר חֲנִינָא, בִּימֵי שִׁמְשׁוֹן הוּחֲלָה שְׁבוּעָתוֹ שֶׁל אֲבִימֶלֶךְ, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהַפְּלִשְׁתִּים פָּרְצוּ הַגָּדֵר תְּחִלָּה, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר וְהוּא יָחֵל לְהוֹשִׁיעַ אֶת יִשְׂרָאֵל מִיַּד פְּלִשְׁתִּים.

English: “Swear to me.” Rabbi Chama bar Chanina said: In the days of Shimshon the oath of Avimelech began to be dissolved, because the Philistines breached the fence first, as it is said, “And he shall begin to save Israel from the hand of the Philistines.”

On the daf / in context: The covenant sworn between Avraham and Avimelech remained binding until the Philistines themselves violated it, at which point Shimshon was permitted to act against them.

Type of Learning

Derash on the verse (Bavli sugya) — not a formal named middah of the 13. The historical duration of the oath is fixed by later narrative.

What Is Learned

The oath between Avraham and Avimelech remained in force until the Philistines first violated it; only then did Shimshon begin to deliver Israel from them.