Vayeira 21:12 · unit 3

Parashas Vayeira · Passuk 21:12

The Complete Passuk

וַיֹּ֨אמֶר אֱלֹהִ֜ים אֶל־אַבְרָהָ֗ם אַל־יֵרַ֤ע בְּעֵינֶ֙יךָ֙ עַל־הַנַּ֣עַר וְעַל־אֲמָתֶ֔ךָ כֹּל֩ אֲשֶׁ֨ר תֹּאמַ֥ר אֵלֶ֛יךָ שָׂרָ֖ה שְׁמַ֣ע בְּקֹלָ֑הּ כִּ֣י בְיִצְחָ֔ק יִקָּרֵ֥א לְךָ֖ זָֽרַע׃

And God said to Avraham, “Let it not be bad in your eyes concerning the lad and concerning your maidservant; whatever Sarah says to you, listen to her voice, for in Yitzchak shall seed be called to you.”

Chabad / Judaica Press

Source Citation

Torah Temimah points to Sanhedrin 59b.

TT lemma: כי ביצחק.

Sefaria — Sanhedrin 59b

Core Text of Chazal

Core Text
כִּי בְיִצְחָק וגו'. מִפְּנֵי מָה לֹא נִתְחַיְּבוּ בְּנֵי יִשְׁמָעֵאל בְּמִילָה… מִשּׁוּם דְּבְיִצְחָק יִקָּרֵא לְךָ זָרַע כְּתִיב; אִם כֵּן בְּנֵי עֵשָׂו לִיחַיְּבוּ? בְּיִצְחָק וְלֹא כָּל יִצְחָק.

English: “For in Yitzchak…” Why were the children of Yishmael not obligated in circumcision…? Because it is written “for in Yitzchak shall seed be called to you.” If so, should the children of Esav be obligated? “In Yitzchak”—but not all of Yitzchak.

On the daf / in context: The same phrase that excludes Yishmael from the covenant of circumcision also excludes Esav, limiting the eternal obligation of milah to the chosen line.

Type of Learning

Derash on the verse (Bavli sugya) — not a formal named middah of the 13. The covenantal language is narrowed by the same restrictive reading used for vows.

What Is Learned

Neither the descendants of Yishmael nor the descendants of Esav are bound by the perpetual covenant of circumcision; only the line designated “in Yitzchak” carries that obligation.